Prevalence of 12 Common Health Conditions in Sexual and Gender Minority Participants in the All of Us Research Program

Key Points Question Is the prevalence of certain health conditions higher among sexual and gender minority (SGM) people in the US compared with cisgender and heterosexual (non-SGM) people? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 30 763 SGM and 316 105 non-SGM adults enrolled in the All of Us Research Program, the odds of 8 health conditions were significantly higher in at least 1 of 6 SGM groups compared with their non-SGM counterparts. Meaning The findings of this study suggest that there are disparities for certain health conditions among SGM adults compared with their non-SGM counterparts.

Anyone who answered the sexual orientation item (i.e., not skipped, not missing) and answered anything other than the following answer choices alone or in any combination with each other: • "Straight; that is not gay or lesbian, etc." • "Have not figured out or are in the process of figuring out your sexuality" • "Do not think of yourself as having sexuality" • "Do not use labels to identify yourself" • "Don't know the answer" "Prefer not to answer" Cisgender sexual minority men "Man" only Male Anyone who answered the sexual orientation item (i.e., not skipped, not missing) and answered anything other than the following answer choices alone or in any combination with each other: • "Straight; that is not gay or lesbian, etc." • "Have not figured out or are in the process of figuring out your sexuality" • "Do not think of yourself as having sexuality" • "Do not use labels to identify yourself" © 2023 Tran NK et al. JAMA Network Open.

Sexual Orientation c Participant Survey Response
• "Don't know the answer" "Prefer not to answer" Gender-diverse people assigned male sex at birth (of any sexual orientation) Anyone who answered the gender identity item (i.e., not skipped, not missing) and did not select "prefer not to answer" only and does not fit into any of the other groups

Male Any
Gender-diverse people assigned female sex at birth (of any sexual orientation) Anyone who answered the gender identity item (i.e., not skipped, not missing) and did not select "prefer not to answer" only and does not fit into any of the other groups

Female Any
Transgender men (of any sexual orientation) • "Man" only • "Transgender" only • "Trans man/Transgender Man/FTM" only Any combination of the 3 selections above

Female Any
Transgender women (of any sexual orientation) • "Woman" only • "Transgender" only • "Trans woman/Transgender Woman/MTF" only Any combination of the 3 selections above Male Any a Participants could select any (or multiple) responses including man, woman, non-binary, transgender, none of these describe me and I'd like to consider additional options, and/or prefer not to answer. Participants who endorsed non-binary, transgender, or none of these describe me and I'd like to consider additional options were shown the following response options: trans man/transgender man/FTM, trans woman/transgender women/MTF, genderqueer, genderfluid, gender variant, Two-spirit, questioning or unsure of gender identity, and/or none of these describe me, and I want to specify. b For sex assigned at birth, participants were excluded if they answered "intersex," "prefer not to answer," or skipped the question. c Participants could select any (or multiple) responses including gay, lesbian, straight; that is, not gay or lesbian, etc, bisexual, and/or none of these describe me and I'd like to consider additional options. Participants who endorsed none of these describe me and I'd like to consider additional options were shown the following responses: queer; polysexual, omnisexual, sapiosexual or pansexual; asexual; Two-spirit; have not figure out or in the process of figuring out your sexuality; mostly straight, but sometimes attracted to people of your own sex; do not think of yourself as having sexuality; do not use labels to identity yourself; don't know the answer; no I mean something else, please specify; and/or prefer not to answer.  b Scores of less than 40 for GPH and less than 42 for GMH were considered Poor or Fair. c Scores of 3 or greater were used as the cutoff for women, scores of 4 or greater were used as the cutoff for men, and both cutoffs were used for gender diverse people. Cutoffs indicated screening positive for past-year hazardous drinking.